产地国家：美国 处 方 药：是 所属类别：75毫克/片 100片/瓶 包装规格：75毫克/片 100片/瓶 计价单位：瓶 生产厂家中文参考译名: ER SQUIBB & SONS LLC 生产厂家英文名: ER SQUIBB & SONS LLC 原产地英文商品名: PLAVIX TAB 75MG 100 原产地英文药品名: CLOPIDOGREL BISULFATE 中文参考商品译名: Plavix片 75毫克/片 100片/瓶 中文参考药品译名: 硫酸氯吡格雷

简介：

Plavix(clopidogrel bisulfate 氯吡格雷硫酸氢盐)是一种血液稀释剂，可以通过阻止血小板聚集在一起来帮助防止血栓形成。受心绞痛，冠状动脉疾病和其他血管或心脏疾病等疾病影响的患者可以服用该药来帮助预防血栓的形成。还用于预防最近患有严重心血管疾病的人的中风或心脏病发作。 PLAVIX(氯吡格雷硫酸氢盐[clopidogrel bisulfate])片剂，用于口服 最初的美国批准：1997年 警告： CYP2C19基因两个功能丧失的患者的简化抗原效应见完全预警信息完整的BOXED警告。 Plavix的有效性取决于细胞色素P450(CYP)系统转化为活性代谢物，主要是CYP2C19。 可以通过测试来确定CYP2C19代谢不良的患者。 考虑在被鉴定为CYP2C19弱代谢者的患者中使用另一种血小板P2Y12抑制剂。 作用机制 氯吡格雷是血小板活化和聚集的抑制剂，通过其活性代谢物与血小板上P2Y12类ADP受体的不可逆结合。 适应症和用法 Plavix是一种P2Y12血小板抑制剂，适用于： 急性冠状动脉综合征 - 对于非ST段抬高ACS(不稳定性心绞痛[UA]/非ST段抬高心肌梗死[NSTEMI])的患者，Plavix已被证明可降低心肌梗死(MI)和中风的发生率。 - 对于ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者，Plavix已被证明可降低心肌梗死和中风的发生率。 近期MI，近期中风或确定的外周动脉疾病。Plavix已被证明可降低MI和中风的发生率。 剂量和给药 急性冠状动脉综合征。 - 用单次300mg口服负荷剂量接受Plavix，然后每天一次75mg。 - 在没有负荷剂量的情况下启动Plavix将延迟几天抗血小板作用的建立。 近期心肌梗死，近期中风或确定的外周动脉疾病：75mg，每日口服一次，无负荷剂量 剂量形式和强度 片剂：75mg，300mg 禁忌症 活动性病理性出血，如消化性溃疡或颅内出血 对氯吡格雷或产品的任何成分过敏。 警告和注意事项 CYP2C19抑制剂：避免同时使用奥美拉唑或埃索美拉唑。 出血：Plavix会增加出血风险。 停药：过早停药会增加心血管事件的风险。在选择性手术前5天停药，该手术有很大的出血风险。 已报道血栓性血小板减少性紫癜(TTP)。 已经报道了噻吩并吡啶之间的交叉反应性。 不良反应 出血，包括危及生命和致命的出血，是最常见的不良反应。 药物相互作用 阿片类药物：氯吡格雷暴露减少。考虑使用肠外抗血小板药物。 非甾体类抗炎药(NSAIDs)，华法林，选择性5-羟色胺和5-羟色胺去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂(SSRIs，SNRIs)：增加出血风险。 瑞格列奈(CYP2C8底物)：增加底物血浆浓度。 用于特定人群 哺乳母亲：停止吸毒或哺乳。 包装规格提供/存储和处理 储存在25°C(77°F); 允许偏移15°C-30°C(59°F-86°F)[见USP受控室温]。 英文说明书： Plavix (clopidogrel) Plavix Description Plavix is the market name for the medicine clopidogrel is prescribed in order to prevent the formation of clots in the blood. The companies that manufacture Plavix include Sanofi Aventis and Bristol-Myers Squibb. It is one of the highest selling drugs at a global level and is sold in over 100 countries. Few years ago, there was a court case regarding patents for Plavix that was ruled in favor of Bristol-Myers Squibb who currently hold the manufacturing and patent rights till May of 2012. Conditions Treated by Plavix Clopidogrel is the active chemical ingredient in Plavix and more specifically it is used in the clopidogrel bisulfate (clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate) format for commercial purposes. The brand name associated with clopidogrel is Plavix and is a highly popular drug everywhere in the world. It is used to treat a very serious condition of blood clot formation. Plavix works by preventing the blood from clotting or coagulating. Blood contains platelets which is the specific component that aids coagulation to prevent excessive bleeding. However blood clots due to cardiovascular disease, increases the risk of a heart attack and stroke by as high as 80%. Furthermore ,the formation of clots is typically associated with patients of heart disease. Therefore Plavix is prescribed for patients with blood related disorders or who have a history of stroke and heart disease. Plavix or Clopidogrel works with adenosine diphosphate (ADP) in blood by preventing it from binding to its receptors on platelets that cause them to lumps together and form clots. Plavix Dosage Information a.) Typical Dosage Recommendations Plavix is available for oral consumption in the form of a tablet of 75mg. The drug can be consumed with or without food. However since it is usually recommended for people who might have cardiovascular diseases, they must maintain a healthy diet. The specific focus should be on lowering the LDL cholesterol that causes heart disease. However there is no specific dietary recommendation due to Plavix consumption. b.) Missing a dose For most daily medicines, it is recommended that there should be specific timings for taking Plavix. This is a technique to ensure that the patient does not forget the dose. However it is possible that with a change in the schedule, patients might miss a dose. Plavix dose should not be doubled to compensate for a missed dose. On the other hand, the patient can take the dose whenever he or she remembers. However if the next dose is due, it is advisable to just take that one. c.) Overdosing Plavix is not an over the counter drug that can be consumed without a prescription. This is because an overdose can be potentially dangerous. Some of the signs of an overdose of Plavix are dizziness, shortness of breath, feeling uneasy of vomiting sensation. In case of an overdose, the patient must immediately be provide emergency medical aid. Plavix Warnings Plavix is drug that is used for critical medical conditions such as cardiovascular disease hence the dosage is crucial. Patients must never tamper with the dose and increase or decrease the dose without consulting their physician. There can be side effects or harmful reactions with dosage variations. Also, Plavix must be ideally taken with a glass of plain water to swallow the drug properly. Alcohol must be avoided when taking any medicine, including Plavix. Since the drug works on the platelets in the blood, it is important to have some blood tests done on a regular basis. These are necessary to monitor the impact of the drug on the patient. If there is bleeding due to an accident then the patient must inform the doctor treating him/her that he is taking Plavix. This also applies to major dental treatments where there can be blood loss. In such situations the blood loss could be severe since the patient is taking Plavix. Therefore if the dentist is pre-informed then he can take due precautions. In fact for major dental works, the patient might even have to adjust the Plavix dosage for a few days prior to the dental treatment. Hence communicating with the doctor is the best option for the patient. Never underestimate minor cuts and injuries as these can also cause blood loss. Plavix Side Effects Plavix is a drug that is used for critical conditions such as blood clotting. The drug should not be self administered as it can cause potential harm in some people. Adjusting doses must also be done only after a doctor’s recommendation; otherwise there is a greater risk of side effects. Plavix is ideally not recommended for patients who have a past history of kidney disease or liver function problems. Pregnant and lactating mothers are also rarely given Plavix. The drug has some minor side effects that get eliminated as the patient becomes accustomed the drug. Some of these are mild headaches, pain in the stomach, cold-like symptoms such as sore throat or a runny nose. There could even be dizziness that will eventually go away. However, if the symptoms are too severe or persist then seek advice from your physician. In addition to these side effects, there are some more serious side effects as well. •Heaviness in the chest or pain in the chest that spreads to other areas such as arms, shoulders etc... •Nosebleeds •Constant bleeding that cannot be stopped •Dark colored stools and stools with traces of blood •Blood found in vomit or dark colored cough •Numbness or loss of strength on one side of the body •Feeling severely dizzy and disoriented •Slurry speech, vision related problems of trouble in maintaining balance •Fever and weakness that is persistent •Paleness of skin •Increased weakness without any apparent reason •Too frequent urination •Easy bruising and/or bleeding that doesn’t stop Possible Drug Interactions With Plavix Any drug works at the biochemical level by specific compounds. For instance, the drug Plavix has the chemical compound clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate that specifically targets the adenosine diphosphate in blood to prevent blood coagulation. However the chemicals in a drug could also have interactions with other drugs due the chemical components in them. Hence the physician must be informed when a drug is prescribed. Plavix interacts adversely with: •Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) •Nolvadex (tamoxifen) •Lescol (fluvastatin) •Prozac (fluoxetine) •Demadex (torsemide) •Interlence (etravirine) However this is not an exhaustive list and it is best to seek medical advice regarding the medications you are taking at the time of starting treatment with Plavix.